By comparing with the DNA sequence of IHHNV from Taiwan, Thailand, India, Indonesia, China (above are monodon system), Mexico, Panama, and Ecuador (above are vannamei system), except the core protein region, the variation is greater than expectation.  Thus, it should take extra care while designing the diagnostic PCR or hybridization tools.

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Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) has been widely reported as one of the major viral diseases in shrimp culture industry.  It can cause mass mortality to P. stylirostris and also cause runt deformity syndrome (RDS) to L. vannamei.  The recent research results pointed that there is a close correlation between IHHNV and the shrimp muscle whitening.  Both HPV and IHHNV have been reported that they could affect the growth of P. monodon, the recent research results also pointed that IHHNV will influence the survival rate of the monodon broodstocks.

Farming IntelliGene collected 80 vannamei samples from Mexico, Panama, and Ecuador and we found that the infectious rate of IHHNV was surprisingly above 80%.  Although most of them still could survive, the slow growth and the size variation (CV > 30%) also caused huge economic loss.  In Asia, (monodon system, samples collected from Taiwan, Thailand, India, Indonesia, and China), despite the infectious rate of IHHNV was lower than Latin America,  its lethal effect of broodstocks also  bothers the hatchery owner a lot.  Thus, never underestimate the economic impact caused by IHHNV.

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